Fibroids
Fibroids are common benign tumors of the wall of the uterus (the muscle).
Overview
Fibroids are common benign tumours of the wall of the uterus (the muscle). As many as 1 in 4 women will have a fibroid. Most of these will be small, around a few centimeters.
Fibroids in the wall of the uterus (intramural fibroids) or outside of the uterus (subserosal fibroids) may cause symptoms if they grow to a large size (more than 5cm). They may put pressure on structures around the uterus such as the bladder or bowel, causing frequent urination or constipation.
Occasionally they cause pain. This is generally caused by the fibroid outgrowing its blood supply and starting to degenerate. Some fibroids may be pedunculated, or on a stalk. These can twist and cause pain.
Symptoms
Most fibroids will not cause any issues. Fibroids impacting the inside of the uterus (submucous fibroids) may cause heavy menstrual bleeding. These fibroids can also cause infertility or miscarriage.
Fibroids have a 0.1% (1 in 1000) risk of turning into cancer (leiomyosarcoma). Fibroids that are very large, rapidly growing, or in women having undergone radiotherapy are more at risk of this. Large fibroids in women in menopause are also at greater risk.
Treatment
Many fibroids do not require treatment. When treatment is required, the fibroids may be removed through the cervix (hysteroscopic fibroid resection), laparoscopically (laparoscopic myomectomy), or through a laparotomy (horizontal incision on the abdomen).
We can help
If you think you may have fibroids and would like to talk to us about how we can help, please feel free to contact us. You can also request an appointment online.
Further reading
Related conditions
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High volume, long-lasting periods with flooding, clotting or anaemia. Causes can include fibroids, polyps, hyperplasia, PCOS, infection, or endometriosis.
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Periods that last more than 7 days. Causes include fibroids, polyps, hyperplasia or cancer of the uterus, PCOS, genital tract infection, and endometriosis.
Treatments
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Many fibroids do not require treatment. When treatment is required, they may be removed through the cervix or through small incisions on the abdomen.